एयर ब्लो माइक्रो केबल क्या है? - ऑप्टिकल बिजली

Whether it is a trunk line or a metropolitan area network, भूमिगत पाइप होल संसाधन बहुत तंग हैं. साधारण केबलों की तुलना में, हवा में उड़ने वाले माइक्रो-केबलों के उपयोग से लगभग बचत हो सकती है 50% पाइप छिद्रों में संसाधनों का. हवा में उड़ने वाली माइक्रो-केबल प्रणाली की विशिष्ट संरचना मदर पाइप-माइक्रो-पाइप-माइक्रो-केबल है. मदर पाइप को कंक्रीट पाइप के छेद में रखा जा सकता है, और नई रूटिंग का निर्माण भी किया जा सकता है. पहले से रखी एचडीपीई या पीवीसी पैरेंट ट्यूब में, या नव-निर्मित ऑप्टिकल केबल रूट पर पैरेंट ट्यूब और माइक्रो-ट्यूब को पहले से बिछा दें, it can be blown through the tube or blown by a cable blower.

The system architecture using air-blown micro-cables has significant advantages in the utilization of pipeline resources. प्रथम, by using micro-cables, the number of fibers is relatively small, so less duct space is required. This allows existing ducts to accommodate more fiber optic cables without the need for major build-outs. Secondly, by pre-laying the mother tube and the micro tube, the wiring of the optical cable is more convenient and flexible. Sufficient space can be reserved in the existing pipeline to accommodate future cable expansion requirements without the need for re-construction or excavation of new pipelines.

In practical applications, the use of air-blown microcable system also has some other advantages. प्रथम, maintenance and management of optical cables becomes easier due to the reduced number of optical cables. Secondly, by adopting micropipe technology, the laying and maintenance of optical cables are more convenient, और उस समय पर ही, the loss during laying can be reduced. इसके साथ - साथ, the air-blown microcable system also has higher fiber utilization and lower system loss, which can provide more reliable and high-quality communication transmission.

In general, the use of air-blown microcable system can make full use of limited underground pipeline resources and provide efficient, flexible and reliable optical fiber communication solutions. The application of this technology can save costs and improve efficiency in network construction and expansion, and is one of the important trends in the development of modern communication networks.

Micro cable introduction

Microcable is a special kind of optical cable, its diameter is only half of the capacity of ordinary duct optical cable (hereinafter referred to as "ordinary cable"). Due to the small diameter and poor mechanical properties of the microcable, the traditional manual laying method cannot be used, and it can only be installed in a micropipe slightly larger than the diameter of the microcable by air blowing.

Air-blown microcable technology is a new type of optical cable laying technology. It uses an air blower to send high-pressure and high-speed airflow generated by an air compressor into a pre-laid silicon core tube together with microtubes or microcables. This technology involves central tube and layer stranded air-blown micro-cables, supporting micro-tubes, cluster tubes, tube connectors, special splice boxes and other accessories, as well as a complete set of solutions for line design and air-blown laying installation.

Brief Introduction of Air Blowing Microcable Technology

Micro-cable or Mini-Cable

The commonly used structures of micro-cables are central tube type and layer twisted type. The central tube type microcable has good temperature characteristics, but the maximum number of cores is only 24 कोर, and the commonly used type is GYCFXTY.

Stranded micro-cables can accommodate up to 576 कोर, but their temperature characteristics are poor. इसलिए, when performing long-distance air blowing, a certain length needs to be reserved at the start and end points of each air blowing section to adapt to changes in cable length caused by temperature. इसके साथ - साथ, the sheath of the stranded micro-cable is relatively thin. If a filled structure is used, there may be a problem of ointment leakage after the micro-cable is stored for a long time, which will affect the air blowing effect. इसलिए, the layer-stranded microcable usually adopts a dry or semi-dry structure, and the model is GCYFY.

Compared with ordinary optical cables, the allowable tensile force of micro-cables is proportional to its cross-sectional area. It can be seen that there is a large gap between the allowable tensile force of micro-cables and ordinary cables. The long-term allowable crushing force of the micro-cable is 150N, and the short-term allowable crushing force is 450N, which is only half of that of the ordinary cable (the long-term allowable crushing force is 300N, and the short-term allowable crushing force is 1000N).

MicroDuct

Microduct or Microtubes are flexible, round plastic tubes whose maximum outer diameter does not exceed 16 mm. The microtubes are made of silicone-plastic composite material, and the tube body usually has a distinct color. The outer wall of the microtube is generally made of high-density polyethylene (HDPE), and the inner wall has a permanent solid lubricating layer (silicon core layer), and the inner wall may also have a diversion groove.

According to different deployment methods, microtubules can be divided into ordinary type and enhanced type. Ordinary microtubes have thinner tube walls and are mainly used for deployment by air blowing. They can be installed in existing silicon core tubes or manually. They are suitable for tube holes where optical cables are not installed.

Compared with ordinary microtubes, reinforced microtubes have thicker tube walls, and are suitable for occasions that require high resistance to tension or pressure. उदाहरण के लिए, reinforced microducts can provide better protection when laying in duct holes where optical cables have already been installed; or when protecting microcables in hand holes, reinforced microducts can also play their advantages.

In the communication pipelines along some highways, the common cluster tubes usually contain seven 12/9 microtubes. This means that there are 7 microtubules inside the bundle, each of which has a gauge of 12/9.

Influence of Air Blown Microcable on Tube Hole Capacity

Trunk pipeline

आमतौर पर, the trunk pipeline will use 40/33 silicon core tubes or known as silicon duct , and each silicon core tube will lay a common optical cable by air blowing. हालांकि, if the microcable technology is used, four 12/10 microtubes or five 12/8 microtubes can be air-blown into the 40/33 silicon core tube, and each microtube can be air-blown and placed with one microtube. केबल. Even in a silicon core tube in which an ordinary optical cable has been laid, at least one microtube can still be laid by air blowing. The use of micro-cable technology can increase the capacity of the trunk pipeline (अर्थात्, the number of optical cables laid) by more than double.

Metropolitan pipeline

In urban pipelines, commonly used pipe hole types include seven-hole plum blossom pipes with an inner diameter of 32 mm (hereinafter referred to as "plum blossom pipes") and single-hole plastic pipes with an inner diameter of 100 mm (hereinafter referred to as "single-hole pipes"). Ordinary optical cables with different cable diameters can be placed in each sub-hole of the plum blossom tube, usually 1 प्रति 3. And each plum blossom tube can accommodate more than 10 ordinary optical cables with different outer diameters. This means that the plum blossom tube has a large capacity and flexibility, and can adapt to a variety of optical cable laying needs.

By combining microtubes of different specifications, multiple microtubes can be artificially placed in one sub-hole of the plum blossom tube. हालांकि, since the optical fiber ribbon cable with a large number of cores is not suitable for the micro-cable structure, it is necessary to reserve a part of the tube holes in the plum blossom tube for laying the optical fiber ribbon cable with a large number of cores. Considering comprehensively, when micro-cables are used as the main deployment method, each plum blossom tube can simultaneously deploy micro-cables and ordinary optical cables, and the total number can reach more than 20. Such a configuration can meet different requirements for laying optical cables and improve the cable capacity and flexibility of the duct.

Before using single-hole pipes for laying optical cables, it is usually necessary to lay out sub-pipes first. If the sub-pipe adopts 40/33 silicon core tube, then each single-hole tube can lay about 10 ordinary optical cables, or a combination of micro-cables and ordinary optical cables, and the number can reach about 20. This configuration can flexibly choose to lay different types of optical cables according to needs to meet specific communication needs.

In actual engineering, in order to increase the number of ordinary optical cables laid in a single-hole tube, sometimes ordinary optical cables are laid directly without using sub-tubes. In this way, more than 20 ordinary optical cables can be placed in a single-hole tube. हालांकि, in this case, since a plurality of ordinary optical cables are intertwined together in the pipe hole, the sheath of the ordinary optical cable is easily damaged during laying, and it is also inconvenient to replace the optical cable. This is not comparable to the deployment of air-blown micro-cables.

इसलिए, under comparable conditions, the capacity of pipe holes can be nearly doubled by artificially laying micro-pipes in metropolitan pipelines and blowing micro-cables through micro-pipes. Such a laying method can better protect the optical cable, increase the cable capacity of the duct, and provide a more flexible and reliable optical cable laying solution.

Cost comparison between micro cable and ordinary cable

Arrangement in trunk pipeline

When the pipe hole resources of the main pipeline are insufficient, if the air-blown micro-pipe method is not used for expansion, it is necessary to re-select the route and build a new pipeline. Mainline pipelines are very expensive to construct. In contrast, the cost of capacity expansion using air-blown microtube technology (including the cost of air-blown microtubes and microcables, minus the cost of ordinary optical cables with the same number of cores) is cheaper.

इसलिए, the use of air-blown micro-pipes to expand the capacity of trunk pipelines has obvious advantages in investment. This technology can effectively reduce the cost of capacity expansion, avoid rebuilding new pipelines, and rapidly improve the capacity and performance of pipelines. This cost-effective expansion solution makes the construction and operation and maintenance of trunk pipelines more feasible and sustainable.

Deployment in metropolitan area pipelines
The cost of micro-cables and ordinary cables mainly considers the cost of occupying pipe holes and the construction cost of optical cables.
Because it is not included in centralized procurement, the price of micro-cables is higher than that of ordinary cables, and micro-ducts need to be installed before deployment, which makes the construction cost of micro-cables higher than that of ordinary cables. After comprehensive consideration of the cost of pipe hole occupation, the overall cost of micro-cables is relatively low, especially in some metropolitan area networks with high pipeline construction or purchase costs, the cost advantage of micro-cables is more significant.

From the perspective of cost, air-blown micro-cables have great advantages in trunk lines. In some supporting expressway pipelines, due to the use of cluster tubes, micro-cables have become an inevitable choice.

Although micro-cables also have certain cost advantages in metropolitan pipelines, the construction unit needs to have cable blowing equipment. इसके साथ - साथ, due to the poor mechanical properties of the micro-cable, its safety in the hand hole faces a certain test. This also leads to a low utilization rate of air-blown micro-cables in metropolitan area pipelines. हालांकि, air-blown microcables can greatly reduce manual operations and greatly increase tube hole capacity. With the rise of labor costs and the shortage of tube hole resources, the advantages of air-blown micro-cables are becoming more and more obvious.

विशेषताएँ

The air-blown micro-cable method is an outdoor optical cable laying technology with excellent mechanical properties and strong protection functions. It is applicable to all levels of the network and has the following advantages:

Loose tube layer stranding design, precise control of fiber excess length, stable performance
Semi-dry structure design, environmental protection, easy to test and weld
Small diameter, हल्का वजन, low friction coefficient sheath design
The air blowing speed is fast, the distance is long, and the construction is efficient
Mature products, widely used in European communication networks
If 200μm ultra-micro optical fiber is used, the fiber capacity rate is high, and the pipeline utilization rate is higher when the number of cores is large
The initial investment is small, saving up to 65% प्रति 70% of the initial investment compared with traditional network construction methods.

Laying and installation

Laying method: पाइपलाइन, air blowing

The construction steps of the air-blown micro-cable are divided into cleaning the silicon core pipe, air-blowing the micro-pipe, installing and sealing the connection micro-pipe, blowing the micro-optical cable into the micro-pipe, coiling and fixing the micro-cable, आदि.

Application range

FTTX, inter-office communication

Air-blown micro-optical cables are generally used in the following situations:

To expand the capacity of the existing communication pipeline; by laying micro-pipes in the existing large holes and using micro-optic cables, the existing tube holes can be divided into several small holes, and the capacity of the tube holes can be doubled;
Solve the problem of terminal access; in drainage pipes or other similar pipelines, lay micro-pipes and air-blown micro-optical cables to solve the problem of terminal access, and provide reserved tube holes for later use in expansion

Air-blown micro-optical cables are usually suitable for the following scenarios:

Urban Construction:

In urban construction, especially in dense areas such as high-rise buildings, commercial centers and residential areas, air-blown micro-optical cables can be used for outdoor and indoor optical fiber network laying. Due to the flexibility and small size of the micro-optical cable, it is suitable for laying in narrow ducts and spaces to meet the needs of high-speed data transmission between different floors and rooms.

Highway and rail network:

In transportation networks such as highways and railways, air-blown micro-optic cables are an ideal choice. It can be laid through bundle tubes and conduits to provide a reliable communication and monitoring system for applications such as vehicle information transmission, intelligent traffic management and video surveillance.

Military and security fields:

Air-blown micro-optic cables are widely used in military and security fields. Due to its high protection and flexibility, it can be used in military communications, border monitoring, video surveillance systems and security alarm systems to provide fast, reliable and secure data transmission.
Special environments and conditions: In some special environments and conditions, such as chemical plants, oil and gas pipelines, subways and underground passages, air-blown micro-optical cables can also play their advantages. Due to its corrosion resistance and high temperature resistance, it can work in harsh environments and provide a stable communication and monitoring solution.

Internal network and data center:

Air-blown micro-fibre cables are also suitable for wiring in internal networks and data centers. In places such as large enterprises, office buildings, and computer rooms, the laying of micro-optical cables can meet the requirements of high-speed data transmission, cloud computing, storage, and network connections.
All in all, air-blown micro-optical cables are suitable for many scenarios such as urban construction, transportation networks, military and security fields, special environments, internal networks and data centers, and provide efficient and reliable optical fiber communication solutions for these fields.

Product Standards

Product standard: IEC60794-5; वाईडी/टी 1460.4; GB/T 7424.5

Temperature Range

Temperature range: storage temperature: -40℃~+70℃; installation temperature: -10℃~+50℃; operating temperature: -40℃~+70℃

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